An autocratic leader has absolute power over the followers and allows minimal input from the team.
A bureaucratic leader follows rules rigorously and makes sure the follows adhere to those rules as well, failure to which they are punished.
A charismatic leader is a leader who inspired followers to be enthusiastic and is considered a source of inspiration to succeed by the followers.
The democratic or participative leader allows input from the followers to make them feel valued and develop necessary skills but retains the final decisions in those inputs.
Laissez-faire leader cares less about the team and may leave them to work on their own and only effective when handling highly experienced employees.
A servant leader does not have to be in a formal leadership position, because it occurs anytime an individual at any level leads the others to accomplish a certain task.
A transactional leader requires complete obedience from the team, and those who do so are rewarded by the organization.
A transformational leader inspires the team by sharing with them the organization’s vision and involving them in various activities within the workplace to create a strong attachment to long-term success.
Barbarian
- A barbarian is a leader who excels when the organization is in difficult times or when it is attempting to adopt diversification.
- A barbarian leader sees himself as in a life-or-death situation and expects his followers to either work out a solution or move out of the way.
- They expect followers to engage in detailed planning exercises and usually do not approach their followers whenever they need to promote.
- They expect those who consider themselves fit for promotion, have to approach a barbarian leader and discuss their objectives and intentions.
Prophets
- Prophets are at their best when the organization is getting started are when entering a period of major restructuring and renewal.
- They hold a strong belief in new products and services and rarely believe people outside their small group of followers.
- A prophet leader makes decisions on their own and though they may listen to others, they barely consider participative decision making as of any significance.
- If you work for a prophet, do not expect him or her to provide clear instructions, they expect you to be tolerant of their illogical ideas and decisions, and neither are they polite when you intend to seek their advice.
Builders
- These are leaders who believe in their organization’s products and services and are much interested in the means of production although much of their energy is focused on making those means.
Explorers
- These are leaders more efficient than barbarians, builders, and prophets.
- Explorers are slightly similar to builders but a slight difference is a way explorers put more emphasis on numbers.
- They are most in touch with the customers and foster the development of production processes and relationships.
Other leadership styles
- Synergist – A leader who helps an organization achieve growth while balancing expansion.
- Administrator – A leader who helps an organization shift from expansion to safe and routine operation.
- Bureaucrat – A leader who imposes tight controls and has no interest in creativity (contrary to a bureaucrat and a prophet) and no interest in growth (contrary to barbarian).
- Aristocrat – A leader is autocratic, produces organizational disintegration, communicate poorly, and avoid making decisions.
Revision
Reinforcing established standards is an example of discipline.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
True
False
True
In the authoritarian leadership style, the leader is most likely to __.
A. defer to the opinions of others
B. allow for debate about possible options
C. teach team members essential skills
D. give detailed instructions to team members
D. Give detailed instructions to team members
Which trait of good leaders causes them to have deep concern for others?
A. courage
B. discipline
C. respect
D. sincerity
D. Sincerity
A leader demonstrates integrity by __.
A. maintaining a forward looking vision for the team
B. doing the right thing, even when others are not around
C. staying positive, even when things seem to be going badly
D. keeping the lines of communication open between team members
B. Doing the right thing, even when others are not around
Leadership is a skill that can be learned.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
True
False
True
Flexibility is a key characteristic for all leadership styles.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
True
False
True
Which type of leadership style is most helpful in emergency situations?
A. authoritarian
B. coaching
C. delegative
D. democratic
A. Authoritarian
A leader is responsible for __.
A. designating team members to do specific tasks
B. doing all the work on a project alone
C. making sure that all the work on a project gets done
D. none of the above
C. Making sure that all the work on a project gets done
All of the following are characteristics of good leaders EXCEPT:
A. having vision
B. helping others achieve their goals
C. finding opportunities for themselves
D. seeking out the greater good
C. Finding opportunities for themselves
A democratic style of leadership is useful when all team members __.
A. are unskilled
B. need to be trained
C. do not require supervision
D. need to feel involved
D. Need to feel involved
Micromanagement stifles creativity and growth.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
True
False
True
There are leaders in all areas of society.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
True
False
True
Only a select few people can be real leaders.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
True
False
False
A delegative style of leadership is useful when all team members __.
A. are unskilled
B. need to be trained
C. are highly motivated
D. need to feel involved
C.
The traits of a good leader are easily acquired.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
T
F
False
A commitment to being ethical is important for good leadership.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
T
F
True
Summary
Leadership
The use of power to influence, motivate, and enable others to organizational goal achievement
The Great Person Theory of Leadership
*debunked
-Some people still believe in it, suggests leaders are born and not made, Looked at particular pattern of personality characteristics, trying to find perfect personality of leader
-There actually is no perfect combination of perfect leaders, All personalities can be effective leaders but may lead a different way, Personality trait better indicators of leader emergent-who’s going to become leader, i.e. extroverts more likely to be picked as leader but not actually good at it
Competency Leadership Perspective(characteristics that make a great leader, can be developed)
-Personality: Conscientious people tend to make better leaders
-Self-Concept: hold leader identity, high self esteem, internal locus of control
-Drive: High need for achievement and motivation to pursue goals
-Integrity: incorporate values and goals
-Leadership Motivation: lead others towards organization accomplishment
-Knowledge of the Business: tacit and explicit knowledge about environment
-Cognitive & Practical Intelligence: critical thinking in abstract and real world situations
-Emotional Intelligence: Recognizing and anticipating other’s emotions and being able to control own emotions
Limitations of Competency leadership perspective
-Leadership is too complex to be reduced to a list of characteristics that will be effective in all situations
-Different combinations of characteristics may be equally effective(don’t have to have all of them)
-Leadership is relational: can’t be leader without followers
Authentic Leadership
Leaders need to be aware of, feel comfortable with, and act consistently with their values, personality, and self-concept:
-Develop a leadership style
-Take on positions where your style will be effective
-Continually think about and consistently apply your values(lead to more ethical decisions, don’t become different person overnight)
Laissez-Faire Leadership
-Hands-Off Leadership Style
-The Avoidance of Leadership
-Not an Effective Style!-Just because boss doesn’t make you a leader
Transactional Leadership
-Carrot & Stick Approach
-Occurs when leaders reward or discipline followers on the basis of followers’ performance(not effective and similar to operant conditioning_
Transactional Leadership types
-Passive Management by Exception: The leader waits for mistakes to be made and then takes corrective action(passive)
-Active Management by Exception: The leader more actively monitors followers for errors and takes corrective action when needed(take action before major errors occur)
-Contingent Reward: The leader uses rewards to get the followers to do what needs to be done(active)
Transformational Leadership
Involves inspiring followers to commit to a shared vision that provides meaning to their work while also serving as a role model who helps followers develop their own potential and view problems from new perspectives
Process of Transformational leadership
-Develop & Communicate a Strategic Vision: positive outlook to the future, energizes and utilizes.
-Language used to describe vision: symbols, stories
-Model the Vision: practice what you preach, ceremonies, policies, work design, everything that is implemented is in line with the vision
-Encourage Experimentation: encourage employees to question old practices
-Build Commitment toward the Vision: vision wont become reality unless every one doesn’t come on board
4 I’s to transformational leadership
-Idealized Influence: earning admiration, trust, and respect from followers
-Inspirational Motivation: fostering enthusiasm for and commitment for the future
-Intellectual Stimulation: challenging followers to be innovative by questioning assumptions
-Individualized Consideration: Helping followers achieve potential through coaching and mentoring
Shared leadership
Views leadership as a role that is shared by every team member, rather than a formal position assigned to one person
When does shared leadership exist?
-Engage in citizenship behaviors(help out each other, or promote organization)
-Offer innovative solutions to problems
-Learn from each other based on expertise
