Which oral medication for diabetes is considered first-line therapy?

Which oral medication for diabetes is considered first-line therapy?

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September 3, 2023
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Which oral medication for diabetes is considered first-line therapy?

a.
Metformin

b.
Januvia

c.
Lantus

d.
Victoza

Answer and ExplanationSolution by a verified expert

Explanation
Reference

Metformin as first choice in oral diabetes treatment: The UKPDS experience. (2018). PubMed.

Metformin: Is it still the first line in type 2 diabetes management algorithm? (2018). PubMed.

Answer
a.
Metformin

Metformin has been used to manage persons with type 2 diabetes as a first-line medication since the 1950s. It's a biguanide that lowers blood glucose levels through processes that aren't the same as those used by insulin secretagogues like sulphonylureas or exogenous insulin treatment.

Metformin was originally used almost half a century ago, and for the past 2 decades, it has been the first-line oral medication for patients with T2DM who have failed to improve their glycemic control with lifestyle changes. Early landmark studies demonstrated a glycemic advantage with metformin treatment, as well as a relatively low risk of adverse effects, especially when hypoglycemia was avoided. Metformin may also have a favorable effect on organs that are commonly affected by diabetes complications, according to research.

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